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The Computer Journal 1995 38(5):400-412; doi:10.1093/comjnl/38.5.400
© 1995 by British Computer Society
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ICL and the evolution of the British mainframe

M. Campbell-Kelly *

Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK

ICL was created in 1968 as Britain's national flagship computer manufacturer through a government-inspired merger in response to the increasing dominance the UK computer market by American computer suppliers. This paper describes the R&D issues facing ICL and its predecessor companies in developing their mainframe ranges over a period of half a century. The technological issues are set in their the economic and political contexts.

Received December 14 1994. revised July 24 1995.

* Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK


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