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The Computer Journal Advance Access originally published online on July 15, 2005
The Computer Journal 2005 48(5):588-601; doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxh109
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Computer Society. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Computer Languages

Practical Compiler Techniques on Efficient Multithreaded Code Generation for OpenMP Programs

Xinmin Tian *, Milind Girkar §, Aart Bik ¶ and Hideki Saito {ddagger}

Intel Compiler Labs, Software and Solutions Group, Intel Corporation 3600 Juliette Lane, Santa Clara, CA 95052, USA

State-of-the-art multiprocessor systems pose several difficulties: (i) the user has to parallelize the existing serial code; (ii) explicitly threaded programs using a thread library are not portable; (iii) writing efficient multi-threaded programs requires intimate knowledge of machine's architecture and micro-architecture. Thus, well-tuned parallelizing compilers are in high demand to leverage state-of-the-art computer advances of NUMA-based multiprocessors, simultaneous multi-threading processors and chip-multiprocessor systems in response to the performance quest from the high-performance computing community. On the other hand, OpenMP* has emerged as the industry standard parallel programming model. Applications can be parallelized using OpenMP with less effort in a way that is portable across a wide range of multiprocessor systems. In this paper, we present several practical compiler optimization techniques and discuss their effect on the performance of OpenMP programs. We elaborate on the major design considerations in a high performance OpenMP compiler and present experimental data based on the implementation of the optimizations in the Intel® C++ and Fortran compilers. Interactions of the OpenMP transformation with other sequential optimizations in the compiler are discussed. The techniques in this paper have achieved significant performance improvements on the industry standard SPEC* OMPM2001 and SPEC* OMPL2001 benchmarks, and these performance results are presented for Intel® Pentium® and Itanium® processor based systems.

Received 17 June 2004. revised 27 May 2005.

* Email: Xinmin.Tian{at}intel.com

§ Email: Milind.Girkar{at}intel.com

Email: Aart.Bik{at}intel.com

{ddagger} Email: Hideki.Saito{at}intel.com


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