The Computer Journal Advance Access originally published online on June 14, 2007
The Computer Journal 2007 50(5):567-573; doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxm025
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Comparing Typical Opening Move Choices Made by Humans and Chess Engines
1 School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
2 Department of Information Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
* Corresponding author: mlevene{at}dcs.bbk.ac.uk
Received 4 January 2007; revised 24 April 2007
The opening book is an important component of a chess engine, and thus computer chess programmers have been developing automated methods to improve the quality of their books. For chess, which has a very rich opening theory, large databases of high-quality games can be used as the basis of an opening book, from which statistics relating to move choices from given positions can be collected. In order to find out whether the opening books used by modern chess engines in machine versus machine competitions are comparable to those used by chess players in human versus human competitions, we carried out analysis on 26 test positions using statistics from two opening books: one compiled from humans' games and the other from machines' games. Our analysis using several nonparametric measures shows that, overall, there is a strong association between humans' and machines' choices of opening moves when using a book to guide their choices.
Key Words: computer chess chess engines opening book man versus machine nonparametric association measures