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The Computer Journal Advance Access published online on October 18, 2007
The Computer Journal, doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxm083
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Computer Society. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

p-Adic Modelling of the Genome and the Genetic Code

Branko Dragovich1,* and Alexandra Dragovich2

1 Institute of Physics, PO Box 57, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
2 Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Gubkin St. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia

* Corresponding author: dragovich{at}phy.bg.ac.yu

Received 20 July 2007; revised 17 August 2007

This paper presents the foundations of p-adic modelling in genomics. Considering nucleotides, codons, DNA and RNA sequences, amino acids and proteins as information systems, we have formulated the corresponding p-adic formalisms for their investigations. Each of these systems has its characteristic prime number used for construction of the related information space. Relevance of this approach is illustrated by some examples. In particular, it is shown that degeneration of the genetic code is a p-adic phenomenon. We have also put a forward a hypothesis on the evolution of the genetic code assuming that primitive code was based on single nucleotides and chronologically first four amino acids. This formalism of p-adic genomic information systems can be implemented in computer programs and applied to various concrete cases.

Key Words: genetic code • genome • p-adic modelling • p-adic genomic space • evolution of the genetic code


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